Bitcoin (BTC) miners are constantly generating Proof of Work (PoW) in a highly competitive business to discover the next valid block. Recently, Bitcoin mining difficulty was adjusted to its all-time highs, which hardened the competition and business profitability.
In this discovery, the miner gets the right to collect the block subsidy of freshly created 6.25 BTC, add Bitcoin transactions to this block, and broadcast it to other nodes, confirming these transactions — including the one from the block subsidy.
Interestingly, the more work (or hashrate) a Bitcoin miner has on the network, the higher their chances of finding a valid block. In order to keep the block discovery in a 10-minute interval, the Bitcoin mining difficulty is adjusted every 2,016 blocks (around two weeks).
Bitcoin mining Difficulty and Hashrate, 3-year historic chart. Source: mempool.space
Notably, Bitcoin mining is becoming more difficult over time, as the largest pools continuously increase their hashrates — which also makes Bitcoin more centralized in a few mining pools, as exclusively reported by Finbold.
Bitcoin mining pools 1-week ranking. Source: mempool.space
Additionally, part of this recent growing hashrate comes from AntPool, the second-largest Bitcoin mining pool fighting against Foundry USA to become the first in block discovery. Antpool is owned by Bitmain, the largest Bitcoin mining ASICs producer in the world, based in China.
Bitmain fired three of its employees on October 17, involved in disclosing their salaries to the public. The company had salary arrears, and the 2022 year-end bonus has not been paid yet, according to a report by BlockBeats.
Bitmain announced that it had fired four employees who leaked the content of the above announcement because of "illegal publication of the company's announcement on salary release." https://t.co/hxiyMJLluK https://t.co/t0xY257ekn
— Wu Blockchain (@WuBlockchain) October 17, 2023Also noteworthy is the fact that the Bitcoin mining adjustment is happening in less than a 2-week period year-to-date, which is the expected outcome for an aggressive upward trend in hashrate, as seen so far.
Bitcoin mining gets more expensive as mining difficulty increases
The effects of an ongoing hashrate and mining difficulty increase can be seen in the Hashprice Index coined by Luxor. This index is also highly affected by the Bitcoin block subsidy halving every four years, but it is also possible to identify the Hashprice decrease in between each halving.
Hashprice Index measured in BTC per TH/s daily. Source: Luxor Mining
Hashprice measures the expected return in BTC for each TH/s of PoW (or hashrate) a Bitcoin miner contributes to the network. It can also be used to measure the value in U.S. Dollars (USD), which is volatile due to considering the Bitcoin price in dollars.
Particularly, the Hashprice Index in USD has reached a 5-year low in November 2022, due to what is now considered the local bottom for this Bitcoin market cycle.
Nevertheless, the index is revisiting its lowest values after the constant increase in mining difficulty, at $0.06 per TH/s daily, and Bitcoin miners are again underwater.
Hashprice Index measured in USD per TH/s daily. Source: Luxor Mining
This scenario creates more challenges for Bitcoin miners trying to compete in the mining industry and favors the already largest players or the ones with easier access to capital, ASICs, or cheap energy.
